diff --git a/scripts/sql/p1_historian.sql b/scripts/sql/p1_historian.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a9a89b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/sql/p1_historian.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+-- P1a: 1초 링버퍼 히스토리안 (hc900.history_1s)
+-- 적용: psql "host=localhost dbname=iiot_platform user=postgres" -f scripts/sql/p1_historian.sql
+-- 서비스(Hc900FastHistoryService)가 기동 시 동일 DDL을 멱등 적용하므로 수동 실행은 선택.
+SET search_path TO hc900;
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS hc900.history_1s (
+  tagname       text NOT NULL,
+  recorded_at   timestamptz NOT NULL DEFAULT now(),
+  value         text,
+  controller_id text
+);
+
+-- 하이퍼테이블 (1시간 청크 — evict/압축 단위)
+SELECT create_hypertable('hc900.history_1s', 'recorded_at',
+                         chunk_time_interval => INTERVAL '1 hour', if_not_exists => TRUE);
+
+-- 압축 (6시간 지난 청크) + 링버퍼 보존 (14일 — 청크 DROP, 비용≈0)
+ALTER TABLE hc900.history_1s SET (timescaledb.compress, timescaledb.compress_segmentby = 'tagname');
+SELECT add_compression_policy('hc900.history_1s', INTERVAL '6 hours', if_not_exists => TRUE);
+SELECT add_retention_policy('hc900.history_1s', INTERVAL '14 days', if_not_exists => TRUE);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ix_h1s_tag ON hc900.history_1s (tagname, recorded_at DESC);
diff --git a/src/Hc900Crawler/Program.cs b/src/Hc900Crawler/Program.cs
index 1c63fbc..ddaec0e 100644
--- a/src/Hc900Crawler/Program.cs
+++ b/src/Hc900Crawler/Program.cs
@@ -175,6 +175,8 @@ builder.WebHost.UseUrls("http://0.0.0.0:5000");
 
 // ── P0 셀프서비스 리포트 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 builder.Services.AddSingleton<Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Reporting.ReportColumnMap>();
+// P1a: 1초 링버퍼 히스토리안 (history_1s, 보존정책으로 디스크 상한 고정)
+builder.Services.AddHostedService<Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Hc900.Hc900FastHistoryService>();
 builder.Services.AddScoped<Hc900Crawler.Core.Application.Interfaces.IReportMetricService,
                            Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Reporting.ReportMetricService>();
 builder.Services.AddScoped<Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Reporting.ReportFillService>();
diff --git a/src/Hc900Crawler/appsettings.json b/src/Hc900Crawler/appsettings.json
index 027ffe2..2156048 100644
--- a/src/Hc900Crawler/appsettings.json
+++ b/src/Hc900Crawler/appsettings.json
@@ -87,6 +87,11 @@
     }
   },
   "Report": {
+    "Historian": {
+      "Enabled": true,
+      "IntervalSeconds": 1,
+      "RetentionDays": 14
+    },
     "Cleaning": {
       "VacMax": 300,
       "ProductMin": 10,
diff --git a/src/Infrastructure/Hc900/Hc900FastHistoryService.cs b/src/Infrastructure/Hc900/Hc900FastHistoryService.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d931560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Infrastructure/Hc900/Hc900FastHistoryService.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+using System.Data;
+using Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Database;
+using Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Reporting;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+
+namespace Hc900Crawler.Infrastructure.Hc900;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// P1a 1초 링버퍼 히스토리안. 매 N초(기본 1s) realtime_table의 큐레이션 태그를 history_1s에 append.
+/// Timescale 보존정책이 윈도(기본 14일)로 디스크 상한 고정. 60초 Hc900HistoryService 패턴.
+/// </summary>
+public class Hc900FastHistoryService : BackgroundService
+{
+    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _scopeFactory;
+    private readonly ILogger<Hc900FastHistoryService> _logger;
+    private readonly Hc900RealtimeService _realtime;
+    private readonly ReportColumnMap _map;
+    private readonly bool _enabled;
+    private readonly int _intervalSec;
+    private readonly int _retentionDays;
+    private string[] _tags = Array.Empty<string>();
+
+    public Hc900FastHistoryService(IServiceScopeFactory scopeFactory, ILogger<Hc900FastHistoryService> logger,
+        Hc900RealtimeService realtime, ReportColumnMap map, IConfiguration config)
+    {
+        _scopeFactory = scopeFactory; _logger = logger; _realtime = realtime; _map = map;
+        _enabled       = config.GetValue("Report:Historian:Enabled", true);
+        _intervalSec   = Math.Max(1, config.GetValue("Report:Historian:IntervalSeconds", 1));
+        _retentionDays = Math.Max(1, config.GetValue("Report:Historian:RetentionDays", 14));
+    }
+
+    protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
+    {
+        if (!_enabled) { _logger.LogInformation("[FastHistory] 비활성(Report:Historian:Enabled=false)"); return; }
+
+        _tags = _map.HistorianTags().ToArray();
+        _logger.LogInformation("[FastHistory] 시작 — 간격 {Int}s, 보존 {Ret}일, 큐레이션 태그 {N}개",
+            _intervalSec, _retentionDays, _tags.Length);
+
+        try { await EnsureSchemaAsync(stoppingToken); }
+        catch (Exception ex) { _logger.LogError(ex, "[FastHistory] history_1s 스키마 준비 실패 — 서비스 중단"); return; }
+
+        if (_tags.Length == 0) { _logger.LogWarning("[FastHistory] 큐레이션 태그 0개 — 중단"); return; }
+
+        while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(_intervalSec), stoppingToken);
+                if (!_realtime.IsConnected) continue;   // 미연결 시 스킵
+
+                using var scope = _scopeFactory.CreateScope();
+                var ctx = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<Hc900DbContext>();
+                var conn = ctx.Database.GetDbConnection();
+                if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) await conn.OpenAsync(stoppingToken);
+                await using var cmd = conn.CreateCommand();
+                cmd.CommandText = @"
+INSERT INTO hc900.history_1s (tagname, recorded_at, value, controller_id)
+SELECT tagname, now(), livevalue, controller_id
+FROM hc900.realtime_table
+WHERE tagname = ANY(@tags)";
+                var p = cmd.CreateParameter(); p.ParameterName = "@tags"; p.Value = _tags; cmd.Parameters.Add(p);
+                var n = await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(stoppingToken);
+                _logger.LogTrace("[FastHistory] {Count}행 append", n);
+            }
+            catch (OperationCanceledException) { break; }
+            catch (Exception ex) { _logger.LogError(ex, "[FastHistory] append 실패"); }
+        }
+        _logger.LogInformation("[FastHistory] 종료");
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>history_1s 하이퍼테이블 + 압축 + 보존(링버퍼) 멱등 생성.</summary>
+    private async Task EnsureSchemaAsync(CancellationToken ct)
+    {
+        using var scope = _scopeFactory.CreateScope();
+        var ctx = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<Hc900DbContext>();
+        var conn = ctx.Database.GetDbConnection();
+        if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) await conn.OpenAsync(ct);
+
+        var stmts = new[]
+        {
+            @"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS hc900.history_1s (tagname text NOT NULL,
+                recorded_at timestamptz NOT NULL DEFAULT now(), value text, controller_id text)",
+            "SELECT create_hypertable('hc900.history_1s','recorded_at', chunk_time_interval => INTERVAL '1 hour', if_not_exists => TRUE)",
+            "ALTER TABLE hc900.history_1s SET (timescaledb.compress, timescaledb.compress_segmentby = 'tagname')",
+            "SELECT add_compression_policy('hc900.history_1s', INTERVAL '6 hours', if_not_exists => TRUE)",
+            $"SELECT add_retention_policy('hc900.history_1s', INTERVAL '{_retentionDays} days', if_not_exists => TRUE)",
+            "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ix_h1s_tag ON hc900.history_1s (tagname, recorded_at DESC)",
+        };
+        foreach (var s in stmts)
+        {
+            try { await using var cmd = conn.CreateCommand(); cmd.CommandText = s; await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(ct); }
+            catch (Exception ex) { _logger.LogDebug("[FastHistory] DDL 스킵: {Msg}", ex.Message); }   // 이미 적용된 ALTER 등
+        }
+        _logger.LogInformation("[FastHistory] history_1s 준비 완료(보존 {Ret}일)", _retentionDays);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Infrastructure/Reporting/ReportColumnMap.cs b/src/Infrastructure/Reporting/ReportColumnMap.cs
index 42ada7f..7d04b00 100644
--- a/src/Infrastructure/Reporting/ReportColumnMap.cs
+++ b/src/Infrastructure/Reporting/ReportColumnMap.cs
@@ -32,6 +32,37 @@ public sealed class ReportColumnMap
     public IReadOnlyList<string> Columns()
         => _config.GetSection("SteamAdvisor:Columns").GetChildren().Select(c => c.Key).ToList();
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 1초 히스토리안 큐레이션 태그셋 — 메트릭/마스크가 읽는 태그만 기존 config에서 유도(중복정의 없음).
+    /// 컬럼당: 유량(feed/product/steam/lights/heavies) .PV+.QV, 진공 .PV, 민감단 TC .PV, 하부루프 .PV/.SP/.OP.
+    /// </summary>
+    public IReadOnlyList<string> HistorianTags()
+    {
+        var set = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        void addPvQv(string? baseOrTag)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(baseOrTag)) return;
+            var b = StripAttr(baseOrTag!);
+            set.Add(b + ".PV"); set.Add(b + ".QV");
+        }
+        foreach (var col in Columns())
+        {
+            var sa = _config.GetSection($"SteamAdvisor:Columns:{col}");
+            addPvQv(sa["Feed"]); addPvQv(sa["Product"]); addPvQv(sa["SteamFlow"]);
+            if (Norm(sa["TC"]) is string tc) set.Add(tc);                       // 민감단 .PV
+            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(sa["SteamOp"]))                       // 하부루프 TICA-*A
+            { var lb = StripAttr(sa["SteamOp"]!); set.Add(lb + ".PV"); set.Add(lb + ".SP"); set.Add(lb + ".OP"); }
+
+            var vac = _config[$"Report:Cleaning:VacTag:{col}"];                  // 진공
+            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(vac)) set.Add(vac!.Contains('.') ? vac! : vac + ".PV");
+
+            var cl = _config.GetSection($"Report:Closure:{col}");               // 폐합 스트림
+            addPvQv(cl["Feed"]);
+            foreach (var o in cl.GetSection("Outputs").Get<string[]>() ?? Array.Empty<string>()) addPvQv(o);
+        }
+        return set.OrderBy(x => x).ToList();
+    }
+
     /// <summary>해당 컬럼에 폐합(물질수지) 설정이 있는지.</summary>
     public bool HasClosure(string column)
         => _config.GetSection($"Report:Closure:{column}").Exists();