diff --git a/src/Infrastructure/Control/FeedforwardEngine.cs b/src/Infrastructure/Control/FeedforwardEngine.cs
index 5eebecc..cb0aa91 100644
--- a/src/Infrastructure/Control/FeedforwardEngine.cs
+++ b/src/Infrastructure/Control/FeedforwardEngine.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ public sealed class StreamState
     public DeadTimeBuffer Dead { get; } = new();
     public FirstOrderLag  Lag  { get; } = new();
     public RateLimiter    Rate { get; } = new();
+    public RateLimiter    CompRate { get; } = new();   // WP5: 조성 trim rate 제한(듀티 대역폭)
     public double LastRec { get; set; } = double.NaN;
 }
 
@@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ public sealed class FeedforwardEngine
         var (frontState, frontTrim) = ApplyFront(cfg, st, ts, temps, transient);   // WO-5 프론트 위치
         var tp = JudgeTempProfile(temps, st, transient);                           // §10 역전 판정
         var f2 = ApplyFront2Point(st, ts, temps, transient);                       // WP5 1단계 2-point front
-        ApplyCompositionTrim(cfg, ff, st, f2, transient, tp.State, ref outs);       // WP5 2·3단계 조성base+trim
+        ApplyCompositionTrim(cfg, ff, ts, st, f2, transient, tp.State, ref outs);   // WP5 2·3단계 조성base+trim
         // 역전/붕괴 시 front 트림 보류(방향 신뢰 불가)
         if (tp.State is "온도역전" or "프로파일붕괴") frontTrim = null;
         var (mode, modeReason, feedRecSp) = ApplyRecovery(
@@ -340,13 +341,14 @@ public sealed class FeedforwardEngine
 
     // ── WP5 2·3단계: 조성목표 base(분율×feed) + 유계 trim(±5% clamp). LevelDriven 드로우 advisory(쓰기 없음). ──
     // 분율 = sc.TargetCoeff(수동입력 시 supervisor가 치환). trim 게인·부호는 현장 calibrate 필요(데모 검증 불가).
-    private static void ApplyCompositionTrim(ColumnConfig cfg, double ff, ColumnState st,
+    private static void ApplyCompositionTrim(ColumnConfig cfg, double ff, double ts, ColumnState st,
         (string? upState, double? upMetric, string? loState, double? loMetric) f2, bool transient,
         string? tempProfileState, ref List<StreamAdvisory> outs)
     {
-        const double clampFrac = 0.05;    // ±5%(보수, 결정)
-        const double gainPerDeg = 0.01;   // 1%/°C placeholder — 현장 calibrate
-        bool block = transient || tempProfileState is "온도역전" or "프로파일붕괴";  // 과도/역전 시 trim 0
+        const double clampFrac = 0.05;       // ±5%(보수, 결정)
+        const double gainPerDeg = 0.01;      // 1%/°C placeholder — 현장 calibrate
+        const double trimRatePerMin = 1.0;   // trim rate 제한[/min] placeholder — 듀티 대역폭 현장 calibrate
+        bool block = transient || tempProfileState is "온도역전" or "프로파일붕괴";  // 과도/역전 시 trim→0
         double devUp = f2.upMetric.HasValue ? f2.upMetric.Value - st.UpperFrontBase.Value : double.NaN;
         double devLo = f2.loMetric.HasValue ? f2.loMetric.Value - st.LowerFrontBase.Value : double.NaN;
 
@@ -356,21 +358,20 @@ public sealed class FeedforwardEngine
             var sc = cfg.Streams.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Key == a.Key);
             if (sc is null || ff <= 1e-6) return a;
             double baseSp = sc.TargetCoeff * ff;   // 분율×feed
+            var stt = st.Stream(a.Key);
 
             double dev; string src;
             if (a.Key.Equals("B", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { dev = devLo; src = "하부front(C−B)"; }
             else if (a.Key.Equals("D", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { dev = -devUp; src = "상부front(C−D)"; }
             else return a with { CompositionBase = baseSp, RecommendedSpComposition = baseSp, TrimSource = "trim 미적용" };
 
-            if (block || !Num.IsFinite(dev))
-                return a with { CompositionBase = baseSp, Trim = 0.0, RecommendedSpComposition = baseSp,
-                                TrimSource = $"{src} (과도/역전/무신호 — trim 0)" };
-
-            double trim = Num.Clamp(gainPerDeg * dev, -clampFrac, clampFrac) * baseSp;
-            return a with {
-                CompositionBase = baseSp, Trim = trim, RecommendedSpComposition = baseSp + trim,
-                TrimSource = $"{src} dev={dev:F2}°C (±{clampFrac:P0} clamp · 게인·부호 현장 calibrate · rate제한 후속)"
-            };
+            // 목표 trim(clamp). 과도/역전/무신호면 0으로. 그 다음 rate 제한으로 완만히 이동.
+            double rawTrim = (block || !Num.IsFinite(dev)) ? 0.0 : Num.Clamp(gainPerDeg * dev, -clampFrac, clampFrac) * baseSp;
+            double trim = stt.CompRate.Step(rawTrim, trimRatePerMin, trimRatePerMin, ts);
+            string note = (block || !Num.IsFinite(dev))
+                ? $"{src} (과도/역전/무신호 — trim→0)"
+                : $"{src} dev={dev:F2}°C (±{clampFrac:P0} clamp · rate≤{trimRatePerMin}/min · 게인·부호 현장 calibrate)";
+            return a with { CompositionBase = baseSp, Trim = trim, RecommendedSpComposition = baseSp + trim, TrimSource = note };
         }).ToList();
     }